HOST CELL ENTRY OF POWDERY MILDEW IS CORRELATED WITH ENDOSOMAL TRANSPORT OF ANTAGONISTICALLY ACTING VVPEN1 AND VVMLO TO THE PAPILLA

Host Cell Entry of Powdery Mildew Is Correlated with Endosomal Transport of Antagonistically Acting VvPEN1 and VvMLO to the Papilla

Challenge by a nonadapted powdery mildew fungal pathogen leads to the formation of a local cell-wall apposition (papilla) beneath the point of attempted penetration.Several plasma membrane (PM) proteins with opposing roles in powdery mildew infection, including Arabidopsis thaliana PENETRATION1 (PEN1) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) MILDEW RESISTANCE

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Who Should Own the Residual Rights over Distributed Resources?

Residual rights are the right to choose asset uses not specified in the contract.They are essential in situations of uncertainty.The current energy transition presents a greater variety of assets.Moreover, it is impossible to anticipate all relevant states that the assets and the environment can embody, making Lobby Dustpan it impossible to optimiz

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Early Induction of the Arabidopsis GSTF8 Promoter by Specific Strains of the Fungal Pathogen Rhizoctonia solani

The Arabidopsis glutathione S-transferase GSTF8 promoter directs root-specific responses to stress.In this study, the response of this promoter to plant infection with Rhizoctonia solani was investigated using a luciferase reporter system.Arabidopsis seedlings harboring the GSTF8:luciferase construct were monitored in vivo for bioluminescence follo

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